Control Voltage (CVControl Voltage - An analog signal that controls parameters like pitch) is used to control parameters like pitch. Each volt typically represents one octave.
The oscilloscope shows the CV signal in real-time.
Gate Signal
GATE OUT
GATE: 0V
Press any key to trigger gate
Gate signals are binary (on/off) triggers that indicate when a key is pressed/released. Typically 0V (off) or 5V (on).
The oscilloscope shows the gate signal state.
Voltage Control (VC)
AUDIO IN
CV IN
AUDIO OUT
Amplitude: 0%
Voltage Control Amplifier (VCAVoltage Controlled Amplifier - Modulates audio amplitude based on CV input) modulates audio amplitude based on CV input.
Audio IN from oscillator is shaped by CV IN from ADSR envelope.
ADSR Envelope
ENV OUT
Attack
0ms
Decay
0ms
Sustain
50%
Release
0ms
ADSR (ADSRAttack, Decay, Sustain, Release - Controls how a sound changes over time) shapes the amplitude envelope of a sound.
Adjust knobs to modify each stage of the envelope.
Oscillator
CV IN (Pitch)
AUDIO OUT
Frequency
440 Hz
Fine Tune
0 cents
OscillatorGenerates the basic waveform of the sound generates basic waveforms. Frequency is controlled by CV input and knobs.
Output
OUT
Volume
-18 dB
Master volume control for final output.
Keyboard Controls
A to ; - Play notes
Shift + Drag - Fine tune knobs
Space - Reset all controls
Signal Types
Control Voltage (CV)
Gate Signal
Envelope CV
Audio Signal
Signal Flow and Component Guide
Signal Path:
Keyboard → CV → Oscillator CV IN → Oscillator AUDIO OUT → VCA ← ADSR → Output
1. Keyboard & CV/Gate
The keyboard generates two signals:
Control Voltage (CV) - Determines pitch (frequency). Each key generates a specific voltage, with 1V per octave.
Gate - Binary signal (0V/5V) indicating when a key is pressed/released.
2. Oscillator (OSC)
Generates the raw audio waveform with two main connections:
CV IN (Pitch) - Receives control voltage from the keyboard to determine frequency
AUDIO OUT - Outputs the generated waveform
Features multiple waveform shapes:
Sine - Smooth, pure tone
Square - Rich in harmonics, hollow sound
Sawtooth - Bright, buzzy character
Triangle - Soft, flute-like quality
3. ADSR Envelope
Shapes the amplitude of the sound over time:
Attack - Time to reach maximum level
Decay - Time to fall to sustain level
Sustain - Level held while key is pressed
Release - Time to fade to silence after key release
4. Voltage Controlled Amplifier (VCA)
Combines two signals:
Audio input from the oscillator
CV input from the ADSR envelope
The ADSR envelope controls the amplitude of the oscillator signal, shaping how the sound evolves over time.
5. Output
Final stage with volume control and visual feedback through the oscilloscope display. The oscilloscope shows the actual waveform of the sound being produced.